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Nandagopal, J.
- The Removal of Copper Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Phosphoric Acid Modified β- Zeolites
Abstract Views :571 |
PDF Views:197
Authors
P. Panneerselvam
1,
V. Sathya Selva Bala
1,
K. V. Thiruvengadaravi
2,
J. Nandagopal
2,
M. Palanichamy
3,
S. Sivanesan
3
Affiliations
1 Environmental Management Lab., Dept. of Chemical Engg., Anna University, Chennai 600 025, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai-66, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai-25, IN
1 Environmental Management Lab., Dept. of Chemical Engg., Anna University, Chennai 600 025, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai-66, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai-25, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 2, No 2 (2009), Pagination: 63-66Abstract
An attempt was made to modify zeolite so as to find use as ion-exchange material for the removal of copper ion from industrial wastewaters. Large pore Hβ zeolite was initially modified with phosphoric acid and further treated with aqueous NaHCO3 solution to obtain the PNa2-β. The prepared PNa2- β was characterized by XRD, BET Surface area, SEM and AAS techniques. The sorptive removal of copper ion from aqueous solutions using modified - β zeolites was investigated. The PNa2- β zeolite showed higher sorption capacity than Na- β zeolite. It is because of the exchangeable Na+ ions being doubled in the PNa2- β compared to the Na- β zeolite. Equilibrium data were fitted to linear Langmuir and Freundlich models while the kinetic data were represented by pseudo-first order and pseudosecond order kinetic models.Keywords
Metal Removal, Modified Zeolites, Ion Exchange, Kinetics, IsothermsFull Text
References
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- Kinetic Study of the Esterification of Free Fatty Acids in Non-edible Pongamia Pinnata Oil Using Acid Catalyst
Abstract Views :417 |
PDF Views:216
Authors
K. V. Thiruvengadaravi
1,
J. Nandagopal
2,
V. Sathya Selva Bala
3,
S. Dinesh Kirupha
3,
P. Vijayalakshmi
3,
S. Sivanesan
3
Affiliations
1 Department of Chemistry, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai- 600 066, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai- 600 066
3 Department of Chemical Engineering, A.C. College of Technology, Anna University, Chennai- 600 025, IN
1 Department of Chemistry, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai- 600 066, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai- 600 066
3 Department of Chemical Engineering, A.C. College of Technology, Anna University, Chennai- 600 025, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 2, No 12 (2009), Pagination: 20-24Abstract
Pre treatment of high free fatty acid containing Pongamia pinnata oil using sulfuric acid catalyst has been optimized. The kinetics of the pre treatment esterification process was studied. The experimental results were found to fit a Pseudo first-order kinetics. The influence of temperature on the rate constants was determined by fitting the results to the Arrhenius equation. The activation energy and frequency factor were favorable for the forward reaction. Based on the experimental results, a methanol to oil ratio of 9:1, one percentage catalyst by weight, and a temperature of 60°C, were selected as the optimum settings for the esterification process.Keywords
Pongamia Pinnata Oil, Free Fatty Acid, Esterification, Acid Catalyst, KineticsFull Text
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